Articles & Insights
Methodology notes, explainers, and research from the Zenith Economics team.
Economic impact analysis is full of jargon, often used inconsistently. The articles here are plain-English explainers of the concepts clients ask about most: how input-output modeling works, what a multiplier measures, fiscal versus economic impact, and what drives study costs.
These are not marketing pieces. Each article is written by an IMPLAN Certified Economist and reviewed by the rest of the team. We try to be honest about the limits of the methodology, not just its strengths.
Commissioning a study for the first time, or reviewing one prepared by another firm? Start with How to Evaluate an Economic Impact Report. To understand the modeling itself, read What Is IMPLAN? and Multipliers Explained.
New articles are added as questions come up in client work. If there's a concept you'd like us to explain, send us a note.
How Much Does an Economic Impact Study Cost?
The cost of an economic impact study varies by scope, geography, and methodology. Here is an honest breakdown of what drives pricing.
Read Article →What Is IMPLAN and How Does It Work?
IMPLAN is the most widely used input-output modeling platform in U.S. economic impact analysis. Here is what it does, what it does not do, and why it matters.
Read Article →Fiscal Impact vs. Economic Impact: What's the Difference?
The terms get used interchangeably, but they measure different things. Knowing the difference helps you commission the right study for your decision.
Read Article →How to Evaluate an Economic Impact Report
Not every economic impact study is rigorous. Here are the questions to ask when reviewing an impact report from any consultant — including ours.
Read Article →Direct, Indirect, and Induced Effects: Multipliers Explained
"Multiplier" is the most-used and most-misused word in impact analysis. A plain-English guide to what multipliers measure and where they break.
Read Article →Get a Proposal Within 48 Hours
Tell us about your project. Detailed scope, timeline, and fixed-fee quote.